Posted on 10-8-2004
Violence
Spreads In Iraq
US invasion punishing the oil-dependent global economy, especially
the USA
itself.
By Rory McCarthy, August 10, 2004, The Guardian
Iraq's rebel Shia cleric Moqtada al-Sadr vowed yesterday to
stay in Najaf
"until the last drop of my blood is spilled" as his
militia fought gun
battles across the country, including in Basra where a British
soldier was
killed and fiveothers were wounded.
The soldier died after two military Land Rovers were set alight
and Mr
Sadr's militiamen fired rocket-propelled grenades (RPGs) at
their patrol.
The Ministry of Defence said British forces were attempting
to calm the
situation and avoid actions which might lead to an escalation
in violence.
"There have been a number of incidents within the British
area of
operations in and around Basra," said an MoD spokesman.
"We regret we can
confirm that a British soldier has been killed and there have
been a
number of other casualties.
"The situation is being brought under control, and whilst
we continue to
maintain our non-escalatory posture, we use force where necessary
in
self-defence."
Fighting also spread to the southern city of Diwaniya, where
militia were
said to have surrounded the police station. In Sadr City, the
eastern
slums of Baghdad where Mr Sadr's movement is particularly well
supported,
the Iraqi government imposed a night-time curfew.
In Najaf the young cleric defied a five-day onslaught by the
US military
to appear in public for the first time since launching his latest
uprising.
As his militia fought in the streets around him, Mr Sadr was
led into a
thickly carpeted room inside the Imam Ali shrine in the heart
of the old
city. There, before a stylised portrait of his revered father,
he
committed himself to a bitter fight against the US.
"I am staying in Najaf and I will not leave," he said.
"I am here as a
defender of Najaf. I will stay until the last drop of my blood
is
spilled."
In the streets outside, his militia, the Mahdi army, fired RPGs
at
American positions. US marines returned fire with heavy machine
guns.
"I told the Mahdi army they are my brothers," said
the cleric. "They
should call this the honest resistance. We are defending Islam."
In April the 30-year-old led a series of violent uprisings across
southern
Iraq, the first time the Shia fought against the occupation.
Eventually he struck a deal with the US military to end the
conflict, but
last Thursday that truce was broken, and fighting has raged
since then in
Najaf and elsewhere.
Iraq was forced to stop oil production from its southern oilfields
yesterday for the first time since the hand-over of power to
Iraqi
authorities in June, because of threats to sabotage the Basra-based
state
Southern Oil Company's operations.
"Pumping from the southern oilfields to storage tanks at
Basra was stopped
today after threats made by Sadr," an official told Reuters.
"It will
remain stopped until the threat is over."
The spectre of sabotage sent oil prices on the world's futures
markets to
record levels. The cost of Brent crude futures was pushed more
than $1
higher to $41.65 and US light crude futures rose to $44.97,
prompting
fears that rising energy costs could derail global economic
recovery.
Mr Sadr has refused to take part in Iraq's political process,
although he
appears to be preparing to contest the elections which are due
to be held
next January.
He said he wanted the Iraqi government put in charge of the
US-led
multi-national forces. "When I see the Americans under
their command, I
will take part in their elections," he said. "Now
I am the enemy of
America from now until judgment day."
Mr Sadr's presence in the Najaf shrine yesterday and the position
of
hundreds of his fighters throughout the old city suggested he
remains in a
stronger position than the US military has so far admitted.
The cleric has
ignored several ultimatums to withdraw.
US commanders claim they have killed 360 militiamen, but there
is no
evidence to sup port this.
Hussein Hadi, the deputy director of Najaf's main hospital,
said yesterday
that 23 people had been killed since the fighting started last
week and 98
had been injured, mostly civilians. Among the dead were five
Iraqi police
and four Iraqi army soldiers, he said. The Mahdi army treats
its injured
away from the hospital.
In Najaf's main police station officers showed off a room crowded
with
around 300 Mahdi army prisoners, each sitting cross-legged and
facing the
wall. In one corner there were several plastic water bottles
filled with
urine. Before they opened the door the sound of screaming had
been coming
from inside.
Ghalib al-Jazairy, Najaf's police chief, admitted several of
the captives
were policemen from stations in Basra and Amara, who had joined
the
militia. He said police had arrested 1,200 people in the past
week, but
half had already been released.
"We have the law on our side and we will find anyone who
doesn't respect
the law," he said.
On Sunday, Mr Jazairy's uncle, who was also his driver, was
kidnapped by
the militia and his car was stolen. In the car, the militia
found
documents written by Mr Jazairy to the interior ministry recommending
that
Najaf's water and electricity supply be cut off. He admitted
writing them
as a "suggestion" to the ministry.
There was heavy fighting yesterday as the US 11th Marine Expeditionary
Unit made a push into the ancient cemetery known as the Valley
of Peace,
just north of Najaf, but there was no sign of American troops
inside the
city.
Just a block away from the fighting in the cemetery, half a
dozen young
militiamen lay resting on fishing nets in a dark, brick basement.
They were a platoon from Khalis, a small Shia town just north
of Baghdad,
and had arrived in Najaf to fight four months ago. Several wore
green silk
headbands, signifying their commitment to "martyrdom".
Latif al-Khalisi, their leader, spent his life under Saddam
Hussein
running from military service. He was sentenced to death four
times for
suspected membership of the Da'awa party, then the leading Shia
opposition
group. He welcomed the fall of Saddam.
"We had this happiness at the beginning, then the Americans
came and they
didn't fulfil anything for us," he said.
"All the rich people in the west came and started taking
money and
contracts in this country. The wealthy people in the west didn't
think of
the poor people in Iraq."
Most of Mr Sadr's support comes from the poor, male, urban working
class,
and the militiamen complained about the lack of work. Many had
been
soldiers under Saddam.
"There are three kinds of job you can get now: a guard,
a janitor or
making sandbags for the American camps," said Muhammad
al-Ajeel.
"And then there's the new Iraqi army. They are fighting
with the Americans
and tomorrow they might fight Iran or Syria. How can we join
our hands
with them?"
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