Posted on 29-6-2003
Something
Big To Worry About - Amazon
(Photo shows two barges transporting over 200 logs of illegal
wood impounded by the Brazilian Environmental Agency IBAMA after
a three day blockade by 40 small river boats in the Jaraucu
River, Amazonas. September 2002. (Photo courtesy
Greenpeace)
BRASILIA, Brazil, June 27, 2003 (ENS)
- The new deforestation rate in the Amazon announced by the
Brazilian government has shocked conservationists, who said
that drastic measures are needed to reverse a large increase
in clearing since last year. The world's largest tropical rainforest
is being rapidly cleared for agriculture, including soy bean
fields and cattle ranches.
Based on the annual satellite image survey by the Brazilian
National Space Research Institute (INPE), 25,500 square kilometers
(9,845 square miles) of Amazon forests disappeared between July
2001 and June 2002.
This is the highest deforestation rate since the 1994-1995 peak
of 29,000 square kilometers (11,197 square miles), INPE said,
announcing the survey results on Wednesday.
According to INPE, the annual average deforestation rate in
the Brazilian Amazon Forest from 1995 to 2001 was about 18,000
square kilometers (6,949 square miles).
Environment Minister Marina Silva told reporters Thursday, "We
are going to take emergency action to deal with this highly
worrying rise in deforestation." She pledged to make the
government's proposals public next week.
An area larger than France has already been deforested in the
Brazilian Amazon, and about one-third of those cleared lands
are believed to have been abandoned and underutilized.
Silva announced plans to bring together all the ministries concerned
to identify causes and to implement measures to solve the deforestation
problem.
She pledged to make the deforestation data available, an unprecedented
move, with the aim of fostering debate and involving stakeholders
in the formulation and implementation of actions for combating
deforestation.
A technical analysis of the historical series of INPE data from
the years 1997, 2000, 2001 and 2002 will take place to identify
the principal agents of deforestation, trends and scenarios,
Silva said.
The analysis will attempt to discern the areas in which deforestation
is an authorized legal activity from those in which deforestation
is an illegal activity, and identify new areas where deforestation
is advancing.
She pledged to define critical areas where the implementation
of emergency measures for combating illegal deforestation should
be a priority.
WWF, the conservation organization, is urging the Brazilian
government to implement policies it has already committed to
prevent the conversion of the Amazon Forest into mismanaged
and exploited zones.
"The rate of deforestation that was just announced looks
bad, but those of us who are in the field have indications to
fear that the past year has been even worse," said Luis
Meneses, WWF-Brazil's Amazon coordinator.
"The highest priority is to implement public policies aimed
to stop the conversion of the forest into areas that after a
short period of occupation and exploitation are abandoned, and
leave behind unemployment, poverty and urbanization lacking
basic needs such as sanitation," Meneses said.
The Brazilian government has said it plans to invest over $40
billion in new highways, railroads, hydroelectric reservoirs,
power lines, and gas lines in the Amazon over the next few years.
About 5,000 miles of highways will be paved. The government
claims that these projects will have only limited effects on
the Amazon.
Urgent creation and implementation of protected areas, to prevent
the expansion of the deforestation front is needed, said WWF.
The Amazon Protected Areas Programme, carried out by the Brazilian
Ministry of the Environment in partnership with WWF, could serve
as a model. Implementation of this program will ensure that
at least 12 percent of the Brazilian Amazon is set aside as
nature parks and reserves.
Silva said she would propose improvement of the methodologies
used to assess deforestation in the region, including the introduction
of a real time monitoring system that will allow the government
to take preventive actions.
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